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Basalt
Dark grey fine grained volcanic rock composed of plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine, with relatively low silica (45-52 wt %). The composition reflects an upper mantle origin. Basalt is the most common type of volcanic rock on Earth, and it erupts from mid-ocean spreading ridges and hot spots (e.g., Hawaii and Iceland). The intrusive coarsely crystalline igneous rock equivalent is called gabbro.
Geothermal Glossary
Word of the Week – Normal Fault
Normal Fault High angle fault that results from extensional stress and forms a steeply dipping planar structure. Slip movement during an earthquake is vertical and down dip. The down-dropped block is called the hanging wall and the uplifted block is called the...
Word of the Week – Packers and Plugs
Packers and Plugs Downhole devices emplaced into a well to seal zones and intervals so they can be pressurized by pumping fluid from the surface in order to stimulate fractures at a specified location. They are designed for temporary and permanent deployments,...
Word of the Week – PDC Drill Bit
PDC Drill Bit Polycrystalline diamond compact drill bits have been long used in oil and gas drilling, and only recently have they been used in geothermal drilling. The PDC cutters are known for their resistance to wear and impact, including hot crystalline rock. They...