While enjoying the first days of 2025, we’ve taken a moment to reflect on everything that Utah FORGE accomplished during the past year. There’s a lot to be proud of!

A temperature that is calculated based on the chemical composition of a hydrothermal fluid and involves knowing a ratio (e.g., Na/K) or knowing the absolute concentration of a species (e.g., SiO2). Temperature is computed using a simple numerical formula that is commonly based on chemical fluid-mineral equilibrium.
Convection Refers to heat transfer by fluid circulation in permeable rocks where thermal energy is transported with the flow of hot fluid (water or steam).
Cooling Tower Plant equipment that is used to dissipate heat into air rather than into a river. Cooling is induced in two different ways. For binary plants, dry cooling towers use fans to draw air across a heat exchanger and this removes heat from a working fluid...
Cyclone Separator A large cylindrical vessel attached to two-phase production pipelines in geothermal fields that is used to separate dry steam from a fast-moving two-phase fluid. Steam separation results from cyclonic fluid flow, centrifugal force and gravity.